The purpose of this report was to compare policy and practices in road safety with those in WHS in order to identify principles and countermeasures having potential to improve WHS effectiveness, and thus further reduce death and injury in the workplace. The study’s overall approach was to contrast the broad countermeasure philosophies and developments between road safety and WHS as adopted by governments. This included reference to countermeasure outcomes as evidenced by death and injury data. Although a focus of the study was the situation in South Australia, interstate and international evidence was also considered.